Which PSM element helps protect against the elimination of inherently safer features during operation?

The element that best helps protect against the elimination of inherently safer features during operation is Management of Change (MOC). MOC processes are vital in any operation involving hazardous substances, as they ensure that any modifications to processes, equipment, or procedures are evaluated for their safety implications before implementation.

When a facility seeks to make changes—whether they be minor adjustments or major upgrades—the MOC process requires a thorough review of how these changes could affect the inherent safety features. This includes assessing potential risks, the feasibility of implementing the change without losing safety benefits, and ensuring that the inherently safer design principles that aim to reduce hazard potential are maintained or enhanced.

Furthermore, MOC encourages communication among stakeholders and requires documentation of all changes and their impact on safety. This structured approach helps to create a culture of safety within the organization, as employees are more likely to understand the importance of inherent safety designs and the need to preserve them during any operational modifications.

In contrast, while audit, training, and incident investigation are important components of a comprehensive safety management system, they do not specifically focus on the proactive identification and mitigation of risks associated with operational changes in the same way that MOC does. Audits evaluate current practices, training educates staff on existing safety measures